Everything about Tppts totally explained
| Section2 =
| Section3 =
}}
3,3',3-Phosphinidynetris(benzenesulfonic acid) trisodium salt (
tppts), is an organic compound that's also known as sodium triphenylphosphine trisulfonate. The compound has the formula P(C
6H
4SO
3Na)
3. This white microcrystalline solid is an unusual example of a water-soluble phosphine. Its complex with rhodium is used in the industrial production of butyraldehyde.
Synthesis
Tppts is synthesized by sulfonating the three phenyl groups of triphenylphosphine. The sulfonation occurs at the meta-positions of the phenyl rings. The sulfonation agent is oleum, a solution of sulfur trioxide in a concentrated sulfuric acid. The resulting trisulfonic acid is then treated with triisooctylamine and sodium hydroxide:
» P(C
6H
5)
3 + 3 SO
3 → P(C
6H
4SO
3H)
3
P(C
6H
4SO
3H)
3 + 3 N(C
8H
17)
3 → [HN(C
8H
17)
3]
3[P(C
6H
4SO
3)
3]
» [HN(C
8H
17)
3]
3[P(C
6H
4SO
3)
3] + 3 NaOH → P(C
6H
4SO
3Na)
3 + 3 N(C
8H
17)
3 + 3 H
2O
As a lewis base, tppts is stronger than triphenylphosphine, which is why when tppts is allowed to react with sulfonic acid (highly acidic and fully miscible in water) reactions are favorable for hydroformylation.
Uses in hydroformylation
Complexes of tppts are very soluble in water, which is the basis of its industrial application. Tppts-based rhodium catalysts were introduced in 1984 for a two-phase hydroformylation of propene by Ruhrchemie. Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis, is the reaction of carbon monooxide and hydrogen with an alkene and is typically catalyzed by rhodium and cobalt. Tppts is utilized in the conversion of propylene of butyraldehyde. Rhodium complexes of tppts are water-soluble, and this property is key to the separation of butyraldehyde from the catalyst.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Tppts'.
|
External Link Exchanges
Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:
<a href="http://tppts.totallyexplained.com">Tppts Totally Explained</a>
Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned. |
